KYIV, UKRAINE -- President Alexander Lukashenko of Belarus was sworn in Wednesday to his sixth term in office at an inaugural ceremony that was not announced in advance amid weeks of huge protests of the authoritarian leader's reelection, which the opposition says was rigged.
One opposition leader called the secretive ceremony “a farce,” and several European countries reiterated that they don't recognize the results of the election and refuse to regard Lukashenko as the legitimate president. In the evening, thousands of people took to the streets in the capital of Minsk to protest the inauguration and were met with a strong response from police.
The ceremony was held in front of several hundred dignitaries at the ornate Palace of Independence in Minsk, the state news agency Belta said. Police and other security forces blocked off parts of the city and public transportation was suspended.
Lukashenko, 66, took the oath of office in Belarusian with his right hand on the constitution, and the head of the Central Election Commission handed him the official ID card of the president of Belarus.
“The day of assuming the post of the president is the day of our victory, convincing and fateful,” he said. “We were not just electing the president of the country - we were defending our values, our peaceful life, sovereignty and independence.”
The absence of public involvement in the inauguration only proved that Lukashenko lacked a valid mandate to continue leading the country, according to his political opponents and European officials.
“Even after this ceremony today, Mr. Lukashenko cannot claim democratic legitimization, which would be the condition to recognize him as the legitimate president of Belarus,” said Steffen Seibert, spokesman for German Chancellor Angela Merkel. He added that the secrecy surrounding the swearing-in was “very telling.”
Lukashenko has run Belarus, a former Soviet nation of 9.5 million, with an iron fist for 26 years. Official results of the country's Aug. 9 presidential election had him winning 80% of the vote. His strongest opponent, Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, got 10%.
Tsikhanouskaya, who is in exile in neighbouring Lithuania after being forced to leave Belarus, says the outcome was invalid, as have the tens of thousands of her supporters who continue to demand Lukashenko's resignation during more than six weeks of mass protests.
“The people haven't handed him a new mandate,” she said, calling the inauguration was “a farce” and an attempt by Lukashenko to “proclaim himself legitimate.”
“I, Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, am the only leader that has been elected by the Belarusian people. And our goal right now is to build the new Belarus together,” she said in a video from Lithuania's capital, Vilnius.
The United States and the European Union have questioned the election and criticized the brutal police crackdown on peaceful protesters during the first few days of demonstrations. The EU is pondering sanctions against top Belarusian officials, but failed to agree on imposing them this week.
Lithuanian Foreign Minister Linas Linkevicius called the inauguration “a farce.”
“Forged elections. Forged inauguration. The former president of Belarus does not become less former. Quite the contrary. His illegitimacy is a fact with all the consequences that this entails,” Linkevicius tweeted.
Other European officials echoed the sentiment.
In neighbouring Poland, Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki called for an “honest election,” saying on Facebook that the secretive nature of the swearing in ”only confirms that Lukashenko is aware of what he has done, rigging the results of the election.“
“He is aware that he has no backing from his own nation and that the aggression that he is allowing himself against the people of Belarus is inadmissible,” Morawiecki said.
Czech Foreign Minister Tomas Petricek tweeted that “the elections in Belarus were neither free nor fair. The result is therefore illegitimate, which is why today's inauguration of Alexander Lukashenko is also illegitimate.”
Latvian Foreign Ministry press secretary Janis Bekeris told the Baltic News Service agency that they believe the unexpected inauguration will only deepen the Belarus political crisis, and Latvia will “leave open diplomatic channels for co-operation with Belarus at the technical level.”
The Kremlin refused to comment on the inauguration. Spokesman Dmitry Peskov said he wouldn't comment on “an absolutely sovereign, internal decision of the Belarusian leadership.”
Anti-Lukashenko protests have rocked the country daily since the election, with the largest rallies in Minsk attracting up to 200,000 people. In the first three days of protests, police used tear gas, truncheons and rubber bullets to disperse crowds. Several protesters died, many were injured and more than 7,000 were detained.
The Viasna human rights group said several protesters were detained near the palace on Wednesday morning, holding banners that said, “The king has no clothes” and “Victory (will belong to) the people.”
In the evening, thousands of people took to the streets in different parts of Minsk to denounce the inauguration. They were met with a heavy response from police, who blocked off some areas of the city centre and used water cannons and truncheons to disperse them. Over 140 people were detained, according to the Viasna group, and dozens were injured in the clashes.
Protests continued into late evening despite the crackdown, with groups of demonstrators blocking roads in various parts of the capital.
Rallies also took place in Brest, Vitebsk, Grondo and other cities.
Alexander Klaskousky, an independent Minsk-based analyst, said the secrecy surrounding the inaugural ceremony illustrated the threat the unrest poses to Lukashenko's grip on power.
“The secret inauguration illustrates the level of trust of the leader in the official results of the election and in the people. Those who officially got 80% of the votes don't act like that,” Klaskousky said.
Lukashenko has bristled at suggestions of starting a dialogue with the opposition. Amid international outrage over the violent crackdown on the protests, Belarusian authorities switched to prosecuting top activists. Many members of the Coordination Council that was formed by the opposition to push for a transition of power have been arrested or forced to leave the country.
A prominent council member, Pavel Latushko, compared the inauguration to a “gathering of thieves” and refused to recognize Lukashenko as president.
“For us, the citizens of Belarus, for the international community, he is a nobody. An unfortunate error of history and a disgrace of the civilized world,” Latushko said on the messaging app Telegram. “We will never agree with the falsification (of the election) and are demanding a new vote. We urge everyone to engage in indefinite civil disobedience!”
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Associated Press writers Daria Litvinova in Moscow, Liudas Dapkus in Vilnius, Lithuania, Karel Janicek in Prague, Jan M. Olsen in Copenhagen, Denmark, Geir Moulson in Berlin, and Monika Scislowska in Warsaw, Poland, contributed.
