A record more than 20 NATO member nations are hitting the Western military alliance鈥檚 defence spending target this year, NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg said Monday, as Russia's war in Ukraine has raised the threat of expanding conflict in Europe.
The estimated figure is a nearly fourfold increase from 2021 in the number of the 32 NATO members meeting the alliance's defence spending guideline. Only six nations were meeting the goal that year, before Russian President Vladimir Putin鈥檚 full-scale invasion of Ukraine.
鈥淓uropeans are doing more for their collective security than just a few years ago,鈥 Stoltenberg said in a speech at the Wilson Center research group.
After the speech, Stoltenberg met at the White House with President Joe Biden. The U.S. president said the alliance has become 鈥渓arger, stronger and more united than it鈥檚 ever been鈥 during Stoltenberg's tenure.
NATO members agreed last year to spend at least two per cent of their gross domestic product on defence. The surge in spending reflects the worries about the war in Ukraine.
Some countries also are concerned about the possible reelection of former President Donald Trump, who has characterized many NATO allies as freeloading on U.S. military spending and said on the campaign trail that he would not defend NATO members that don鈥檛 meet defence spending targets.
"Shifting U.S. administrations have had the absolutely valid point to say that U.S. allies are spending too little,鈥 Stoltenberg told reporters. 鈥淭he good news is that鈥檚 changing.鈥
Stoltenberg's visit is laying the groundwork for what鈥檚 expected to be a pivotal summit of NATO leaders in Washington next month. The mutual-defence alliance has grown in strength and size since Russia's invasion of Ukraine two years ago, with both Sweden and Finland joining.
Defence spending by many European countries fell after the 1991 collapse of the Soviet Union seemed to neutralize what was then the prime security threat to the West.
But after Russia seized Ukraine鈥檚 Crimean Peninsula in 2014, NATO members unanimously agreed to spend at least two per cent of their GDP on defence within a decade. The full-scale invasion that Putin launched in 2022 spurred European countries newly on the front line of a war in the heart of Europe to put more resources into meeting that target.
Much of the focus of the summit is expected to address what NATO and NATO member governments can do for Ukraine as it faces unrelenting air and ground attacks from its more powerful neighbor. They so far have resisted Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy鈥檚 appeals to take his country into the bloc as long as the war is still on.
Stoltenberg pointed to efforts to bolster Ukraine in the meantime. That includes NATO streamlining the eventual membership process for Ukraine, and individual NATO nations providing updated arms and training to Ukraine鈥檚 military, including the U.S. giving it F-16s and bringing Ukrainian pilots to the U.S. for training on the advanced aircraft.
鈥淭he idea is to move them so close to membership that when the time comes, when there is consensus, they can become a member straight away,鈥 Stoltenberg said.
However Russia鈥檚 offensive concludes, only taking Ukraine into the alliance will dissuade Putin from trying again in the future to conquer Ukraine, the NATO chief said.
鈥淲hen the fighting ends, NATO membership鈥 for Ukraine 鈥渁ssures that the war really ends,鈥 he said.
The prospect of Ukraine joining NATO has long been anathema to Putin, and it was one of his stated motivations for seizing Crimea. He offered last week to order an immediate cease-fire if Ukraine renounced plans to join the alliance, an offer that was dismissed by Ukraine.
A weekend conference held in Switzerland was billed as a first step toward peace and ended with pledges to work toward a resolution but had few concrete deliverables. It was attended largely by Western nations and Russia was not invited. China sat it out and then India, Saudi Arabia, South Africa and Mexico did not sign the meeting鈥檚 final document Sunday.
Kyiv鈥檚 outgunned and outnumbered forces are battling to hold back the bigger Russian army, which has taken over chunks of territory after pollical squabbles led to delays in delivering U.S. and European military aid. Ukraine has been short of troops, ammunition and air defences in recent months as the Kremlin鈥檚 forces try to cripple the national power supply and punch through the front line in eastern parts of the country.
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