Despite life-or-death warnings to curb climate change, the western world isn鈥檛 responding as urgently as many climate scientists are hoping.
Rising sea levels and the recent string of aren鈥檛 resonating enough, a conservation scientist and educator said in a phone interview with CTVNews.ca.
鈥淪howing photos of decimated coral reef will tug at your heartstrings, but I'm not sure if it will actually change the way you vote or the choices that you really make,鈥� said Sanjayan Muttulingam, CEO of Conservation International, a non-profit that works to protect natural resources for people鈥檚 livelihood and food.
This seems to be confirmed by the alarming admission from scientists that Canada is nowhere close to its own targets in fighting climate change. According to Muttulingam, westerners would change their behaviours if they 鈥渇ully appreciated how this is impacting their own lives in a real way.鈥�
CTVNews.ca spoke to Muttulingam and a climate change economics professor who both say they鈥檙e part of a growing cohort attempting to answer people who are bluntly asking: 鈥淲ho cares? How鈥檒l this actually affect me?鈥�
They鈥檙e hoping to re-frame the scientific conversation by explaining how climate change is ruining the things people love and impacting their personal finances.
鈥淪cience isn't science, until it's communicated,鈥� Muttulingam argued. But by failing to always put 鈥渉umans at the centre of the equation,鈥� he believes scientists inadvertently misjudged their audience.
鈥淲hen it starts hitting our pocketbooks, our jobs, or the health of our children, that's when you are going to start seeing consumers more willing to act than ever,鈥� he said.
A bartender serves two mugs of beer at a tavern in Montpelier, Vt. THE CANADIAN PRESS/AP/Toby Talbot
Beer and coffee: future luxury items?
One key way to potentially get people to care about climate change is showing how the foods which they take for granted such as , coffee, , avocados, , and will become luxury items due to the effects of a warming planet.
, if barley prices keep climbing, the price of beer will double in North America, triple in Ireland, and rise five-fold in the Czech Republic.
鈥淭he research is really to alarm people in the U.S. and Canada, if they still want to have the same quality of life they have right now,鈥� the study鈥檚 co-author Dabo Guan, a climate change economics professor at the University of East Anglia in England, told CTVNews.ca in a phone interview.
He considers beer among 鈥渓uxury essentials鈥� because people don鈥檛 need it to live but it鈥檚 a key part of 鈥渟ocial entertainment and even social stability.鈥�
Guan said climate change research involving food has mostly focused on which can have life-or-death consequences for people. But research has been less focused on higher-quality crops 鈥� 鈥渕ore sensitive to climate change鈥� 鈥� which are used in processed foods like beer, chocolate and coffee.
Muttulingam agreed and called these items staples of 鈥渆veryday minimal living鈥� and 鈥渆xpected parts of life, just as having bread for a sandwich would be part of life.鈥� And driving that point home could reframe the conversation for people on the sidelines, he said.
In this April 29, 2013, file photo, Jon Kirkpatrick carries a solar panel up to Bevan Walker for an installation for SunCommon in Montpelier, Vt. (AP Photo / Toby Talbot, File)
Scientist: Make it about the economy
Muttulingam said scientists need to do more to show how climate change is intertwined with people鈥檚 top priorities, including jobs, 鈥測our taxes, what money you're taking home and the impact to you this year and the next year.鈥�
For example, activists need to hammer home the message that for people living in coastal areas hit by increasingly stronger storms, not responding to climate changes means a spike in insurance rates. Non-coastal residents may also be hit with higher taxes to 鈥渉elp folks who are in more serious conditions鈥� as a result of storm damage.
Climate change researchers also need to showcase potentially big savings for people: taking action to conserve the environment can lead to a more affordable cost of living, scientists say. There is money to be made thanks to green jobs and energy independence through solar panels or wind power.
鈥淭丑别谤别'蝉 to be had in tapping the abundant free energy that's floating around on this planet鈥� than people realize, Muttulingam said.
Climate change is affecting our health
Another aspect that shouldn鈥檛 be overlooked is putting a face to how climate change threatens good health, clean water and air and increases deaths, Muttulingam said.
Heat waves, forest fires, flooding, and exposure to fine pollutants 鈥� which can increase premature deaths from heart disease, strokes or lung cancer 鈥� all threaten lives around the globe, according to on health and climate change.
To spur on parents to act, Muttulingam urged educators not to shy away from conveying how children are unwittingly on the front lines of the climate change effects: they face a higher risk of asthma and air pollution has led to 600,000 children dying annually.
In November, Muttulingam saw how alarming it was for people to see children and to protect themselves from wide-spread pollution in San Francisco, which forced the closures of schools, universities and museums.
鈥淚t's very real. You definitely get the sense that something dramatic has just happened,鈥� he said.
A group of school children walk on street with face mask because of high pollution in Sarajevo, Bosnia, on Wednesday, Dec. 23, 2015. Because of high pollution mixed with fog. (AP Photo/Amel Emric)
Learning to understand the long-term impacts
Scientists might also need to concede that people have difficulty grasping abstract ideas and planning for decades ahead, Muttulingam said.
鈥淲e consistently underestimate long-term risk and consistently overestimate short-term risk 鈥� we just haven't evolved to be able to deal with that,鈥� he said, calling for more research and predictive models to focus on the immediate future, or in two-year outlooks.
Additionally, Guan said that for scientists to get climate change from the abstract world to the practical one, it will require more multidisciplinary research that can help develop a clearer narrative for people.
For Guan鈥檚 own beer study, he wrangled experts in crop growth, climate patterns and economics who all helped develop an encompassing, down-to-earth message: less barley crops will lead to more expensive beer.
To this end, Muttulingam said scientists need to realize climate science in written reports and peer-reviewed articles are a great first step but aren鈥檛 the 鈥渕ost effective way to communicate in a hyper connected world.鈥�
He urged scientists to use every tool at their disposal to educate the public, including videos and targeting climate research to different demographics based on what is important to them.
The steel mills in the Hamilton waterfront harbour are shown in Hamilton, Ont., on Tuesday, October 23, 2018. (THE CANADIAN PRESS/Nathan Denette)
Why the western world needs to lead on this
Guan said there is an urgency to 鈥渕ake sustainable consumption fashionable鈥� to the average person, particularly in the developed world. This is important because it could lead to changes in government attitudes, more adherence to the science and potentially starting a trend that could be adopted by developing countries.
Canadian greenhouse-gas emissions make up only 1.6 per cent of the global GHGs so even cutting them by 50 per cent wouldn鈥檛 be that significant to the world overall, according to from the Lawrence National Centre for Policy and Management at Western University. But Guan said the hope is to influence the emerging consumerist lifestyles of nearly 1.4 billion Chinese people and 1.3 billion people in India.
鈥淭hey want our lifestyles 鈥� but unfortunately we only have one planet,鈥� Guan said, referencing developed countries鈥� rate of greenhouse gas emissions and eating habits. 鈥淭he planet is not going to have enough resources to have over two billion more people with our lifestyles.鈥�
showed how the developing world can鈥檛 sustainably have the same living standards as the West. So Guan said westerners need to curb their own negative impact on the environment.
Otherwise, Guan said, it鈥檚 鈥済oing to be a disaster. We鈥檇 all need to all go to Mars basically.鈥�
