WASHINGTON -- The Trump administration said Wednesday that it is ending medical research by government scientists that uses human fetal tissue.
The Health and Human Services Department said in a statement that government-funded research by universities that involves fetal tissue can continue for now, subject to additional scrutiny -- although it also ended one major university project that used the tissue to test HIV treatments. That school -- University of California, San Francisco -- called the decision 鈥減olitically motivated.鈥�
Administration officials said the federal policy changes will not affect privately funded research.
Ending the use of fetal tissue by the National Institutes of Health has been a priority for anti-abortion activists, a core element of President Donald Trump's political base. A senior administration official said it was the president's call. The official wasn't authorized to publicly discuss internal deliberations and spoke on condition of anonymity.
But research using fetal tissue has led to lifesaving advances, including development of vaccines for rubella and rabies and drugs to treat HIV. Scientists around the country denounced the decision, saying that fetal tissue was critically needed for research on HIV vaccines, treatments that harness the body's immune system to battle cancer, and other health threats, including some to fetuses themselves.
鈥淧rohibiting valuable research that uses fetal tissue that is otherwise going to be discarded doesn't make any sense,鈥� said Dr. Lawrence Goldstein, a regenerative medicine specialist at the University of California, San Diego. 鈥淚t blocks important future research vital to the development of new therapies.鈥�
The government's own top medical scientist, NIH Director Francis Collins, said as recently as last December that he believes 鈥渢here's strong evidence that scientific benefits come from fetal tissue research ,鈥� and that fetal tissue, rather than any alternatives, would 鈥渃ontinue to be the mainstay鈥� for certain types of research for the foreseeable future.
鈥淭oday, fetal tissue is still making an impact, with clinical trials underway using cells from fetal tissue to treat conditions including Parkinson's disease, ALS, and spinal cord injury,鈥� said Doug Melton, co-director of Harvard's Stem Cell Institute and president of the International Society for Stem Cell Research.
Last year, the administration announced a review of whether taxpayer dollars were being properly spent on fetal tissue research. As a result, NIH froze procurement of new tissue. On Wednesday, the administration also said it is not renewing an expiring contract with the University of California, San Francisco, that used fetal tissue to create a human-like immune system in mice for HIV research.
University Chancellor Sam Hawgood said in a statement that the Trump administration action ended a 30-year partnership with NIH. 鈥淯CSF exercised appropriate oversight and complied with all state and federal laws,鈥� said Hawgood. 鈥淲e believe this decision to be politically motivated, shortsighted and not based on sound science.鈥�
HHS says it is trying to balance 鈥減ro-life鈥� and 鈥減ro-science鈥� imperatives.
Kristan Hawkins, president of Students for Life of America, said in a statement that the Trump administration has 鈥渙nce again done the right thing in restoring a culture of life to our government.鈥�
The Susan B. Anthony List, a group that works to elect lawmakers opposed to abortion, said in a statement that taxpayer funding ought to go to promoting alternatives to using fetal tissue in medical research. The NIH is funding a $20 million program to 鈥渄evelop, demonstrate, and validate experimental models that do not rely on human fetal tissue from elective abortions.鈥�
That idea got strong support from a Republican senator who oversees NIH funding.
鈥淭oday's action is a significant pro-life victory,鈥� Sen. Roy Blunt of Missouri said in a statement. NIH 鈥渉as directed funding toward the development of alternative research methods that do not rely on human fetal tissue from elective abortions and I remain supportive of that effort.鈥�
But the scientific consensus is there is no adequate substitute for fetal tissues in some research areas. For example, to learn how the mosquito-borne Zika virus moves from a pregnant woman's bloodstream into her fetus and attacks the developing brain - and how to prevent that - requires studying fetal brain cells, neuroscientist Sally Temple of the Neural Stem Cell Institute in New York wrote in the journal Science this year.
鈥淒espite the president's pledge to 'end the HIV epidemic,' today's announcement poses a direct threat to crucial research to find treatments for HIV and other health threats,鈥� Megan Donovan of the Guttmacher Institute, a research organization that supports abortion rights. 鈥淚deologues should not be allowed to stand in for real doctors and scientists when the government is making decisions about lifesaving medicine.鈥�
The government has funded research using fetal tissue for decades, under administrations of both political parties.
Officials said there are currently at least three active federal research projects that involve human fetal tissue, and possibly as many as 12. Among university research projects funded by the government, officials said, fewer than 200 of 50,000 rely on human fetal tissue.
The International Society for Stem Cell Research questioned whether the new scrutiny that university projects will face will follow long-accepted ethical guidelines or instead block the research for ideological reasons.
Aside from the cancelled UCSF contract, no university-led programs will be affected for the time being, the administration said. New projects that propose to use fetal tissue and current projects up for renewal will be subject to additional reviews.
