LOS ANGELES -- Despite the inglorious end to Bill O'Reilly's two-decade Fox News Channel career, observers say his deep imprint on Fox and other cable news outlets and his influence on barbed political discourse are intact for the foreseeable future.
Fired on Wednesday amid a drumbeat of sexual harassment allegations, the vacationing host's "The O'Reilly Factor" was quickly redubbed "The Factor" and Fox News announced his time slot will be filled by Tucker Carlson, another adamantly conservative Fox host who dovetails with the channel's audience.
But it was O'Reilly who created the template for how to succeed in cable TV punditry, delighting his viewers with unapologetic attacks on liberal politicians and media members that he delivered with gusto.
"In many ways, he led Fox's cable news revolution," said Frank Sesno, a journalism professor at George Washington University and former CNN Washington bureau chief. "Cable news is someone standing on a mountain top shouting, and Bill O'Reilly was on the highest peak so he echoed across the landscape."
And he keeps echoing in the broader media landscape. O'Reilly's success at appealing to like-minded viewers made him and Fox into cable news leaders.
"That left CNN and MSNBC to figure out how to survive, and it shouldn't come as a surprise that MSNBC figured out the only path to success was to segment and go for the liberal audience," said Tom Hollihan, a professor at the Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism at the University of Southern California.
That multiplying effect gave O'Reilly a role in a seismic change, he said.
"He helped shape the kind of very polarized discourse that has come to define politics over the past few years in America," Hollihan said.
His ratings made him Fox's most lucrative personality, with his show generating $178 million in advertising revenue in 2015, according to Kantar Media. There was the prospect of even more, with his audience larger in the first three months of 2017 than it has ever been.
Then came an April 1 report in The New York Times that five women had been paid a total of $13 million to keep quiet about disturbing encounters with O'Reilly. While O'Reilly denied wrongdoing, dozens of his show's advertisers fled within days even as O'Reilly's viewership increased.
Following the Times story, Fox parent company 21st Century Fox said it had asked the same law firm that investigated Ailes to look into O'Reilly's behaviour. 21st Century Fox leaders Rupert Murdoch and his sons Lachlan and James said in a memo to Fox staff that their decision to axe O'Reilly came following an "extensive review" into the charges.
"I understand how difficult this has been for many of you," Rupert Murdoch said in the memo.
With a profit centre gone, 21st Century Fox stock fell almost 1 per cent Wednesday in heavy trading.
O'Reilly lost his job on the same day he was photographed in Rome shaking the hand of Pope Francis. In a statement, he called it "tremendously disheartening that we part ways due to completely unfounded claims."
His exit came nine months after his former boss, Fox News CEO Roger Ailes, was ousted following allegations of sexual harassment.
O'Reilly's lawyers said he was the victim of an orchestrated campaign by liberal organizations like Media Matters for America, which contacted his advertisers to pressure them to leave the show. Conservative personality Glenn Beck -- who once lost a job at Fox because a similar campaign choked his program of paying advertisers -- came to O'Reilly's defence on his radio show and called on viewers to pressure Fox, to no avail.
O'Reilly had ruled the "no spin zone" on television with a quick smile and an even quicker temper. He pushed a populist, conservative-leaning point of view, and was quick to shout down those who disagreed with him.
O'Reilly and President Donald Trump are both "crowd-pleasing showmen who know how to signal to loyalists in their audience that they are not taking themselves quite as seriously as their detractors are," said news consultant Andrew Tyndall. "Half of the fun that they have with their audiences comes from watching the outrage that they manage to provoke."
Don't expect O'Reilly to slip quietly away, said Annenberg's Hollihan.
"Some other media outlet is going to pick him up and syndicate what he does. He's a brand on his own, as you can tell from all the bestselling books he's got," he said.
O'Reilly's "Killing" historical series, including "Killing Lincoln" and "Killing Reagan," have consistently sold 1 million or more copies in hardcover, a rare achievement in publishing, and his platform on Fox enabled him to promote his work. He has also had bestsellers with everything from the memoir "A Bold Fresh Piece of Humanity" to his most recent work, "Old School," which includes passages urging the respectful treatment of women.
O'Reilly and co-author Martin Dugard are due to release another book in the "Killing" series in September, and a spokeswoman for publisher Henry Holt and Co. said that plans had not changed.
Even with O'Reilly gone from Fox, Sesno said he doubts that the public appetite for his brand of "angry, high-decibel" chatter will give way to a new regard for civility.
"I'm not sure I see much evidence of that; otherwise, Judy Woodruff would be off the charts," he said, referring to the anchor of "PBS NewsHour."
Stephen Colbert, who mercilessly parodied O'Reilly on "The Colbert Report," paid tongue-in-cheek homage to the deposed host Wednesday on Colbert's late-night CBS show.
"Nation, shame on you. You failed him, you failed Bill O'Reilly. You didn't deserve this great man," Colbert said, channeling his Comedy Central character. "And what, suddenly sexual harassment's a crime?"
AP writers David Bauder, Hillel Italie and Marley Jay in New York and Nicole Winfield in Rome contributed to this story
