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'Ellen' came out as gay nearly 30 years ago. TV hasn鈥檛 been the same

Ellen DeGeneres (left) made TV history when her character came out on a 1997 episode of her sitcom 'Ellen.' Laura Dern guest starred as her love interest. (ABC/Getty Images via CNN Newsource) Ellen DeGeneres (left) made TV history when her character came out on a 1997 episode of her sitcom 'Ellen.' Laura Dern guest starred as her love interest. (ABC/Getty Images via CNN Newsource)
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For months before the 1997 premiere of 鈥淭he Puppy Episode,鈥 the groundbreaking episode of Ellen DeGeneres鈥 hit sitcom 鈥淓llen,鈥 rumors swirled that the comedian and her fictional counterpart would come out as gay.

Anticipation ballooned as the air date approached. An early script for the episode was leaked. The comedian teased the reveal in interviews. DeGeneres herself came out on the cover of Time a few weeks before the episode premiered. So when it was finally time for 鈥淭he Puppy Episode鈥 to air, audiences could hardly stand to wait a second longer for the character of Ellen Morgan to say those two words.

And still, they had to wait. At the top of the episode, Ellen鈥檚 friends grow impatient with her as they wait for her to exit the bathroom.

鈥淓llen, are you coming out or not?鈥

鈥淵eah, quit jerking us around and come out already!鈥

Ellen pokes her head out from behind a door as her friends grow impatient.

鈥淲hat is the big deal, I鈥檝e got a whole hour!鈥 she quips.

It鈥檚 a joke-dense, hour-long episode of 鈥淓llen,鈥 rife with meta nods to Ellen鈥檚 sexuality. Until 鈥淭he Puppy Episode,鈥 the character had rarely dated and mostly resisted romance, deviating from sitcom conventions of the time and frustrating network executives. The episode鈥檚 title apparently came from a comment former Disney CEO Michael Eisner made after suggesting that, if Ellen wouldn鈥檛 go on dates with men, then maybe she could, at the very least, adopt a puppy.

Ellen Morgan never did get that puppy, but the episode made history as Ellen became one of the first out gay lead characters on TV. Though 鈥淓llen鈥 was cancelled after five seasons, 鈥淭he Puppy Episode鈥 endures. Its influence has been analyzed by academics in dozens of articles since its premiere, and it opened the door for future successful sitcoms, like 鈥淲ill & Grace鈥 and 鈥淢odern Family,鈥 to feature gay leads.

Dava Savel, co-showrunner of 鈥淓llen鈥檚鈥 fourth season, has written dozens of episodes of TV in her long career. She鈥檚 still chasing the 鈥渓ightning in a bottle鈥 she found in 鈥淭he Puppy Episode.鈥

鈥淚 think the episode really just touched a very sensitive button in this country,鈥 she told CNN. 鈥淭hat鈥檚 why it worked 鈥 because it was real.鈥

How 鈥楾he Puppy Episode鈥 got made

The making of 鈥淭he Puppy Episode鈥 started with DeGeneres.

The comedian invited the writers to dinner ahead of the fourth season and announced that she wanted her character, Ellen Morgan, to come out as gay (her coworkers knew DeGeneres was gay, though she hadn鈥檛 yet come out on the national stage).

鈥淚t all started from her, wanting to be true to herself,鈥 Savel said. 鈥淚magine not being able to be who you really are 鈥 鈥榤y character鈥檚 this way, but I鈥檓 this way.鈥 Oftentimes, the characters, they meld into the person who鈥檚 played them and vice versa.鈥

After getting the go-ahead from Disney TV executive Dean Valentine, Savel and her three co-writers on the episode got to work, interviewing gay 鈥淓llen鈥 writers and cast members about their own coming-out experiences. It was a gamble, but one they were excited to take on as they mapped out the season and its path toward Ellen鈥檚 admission.

鈥淭his was an established character on a big show 鈥 one of the biggest shows they had 鈥 and either it was gonna work, or it was gonna kill it,鈥 she said.

The writers had some requests for ABC: It had to be an hour long, and it had to air after 鈥渟weeps week,鈥 the period when networks set advertising rates for their series based on viewership. Episodes that air during sweeps were known for staging publicity stunts to attract larger-than-average ratings 鈥 Ellen鈥檚 coming out couldn鈥檛 come off as 鈥済ratuitous,鈥 Savel said.

For the moment to feel earned, writers laid breadcrumbs all season long until Ellen finally confronted her sexuality. Gay innuendos abound from the first episode of Season 4: A microwave or doorbell dings when a character says the word 鈥済ay,鈥 Savel said. In one scene, Ellen sings 鈥淚 Feel Pretty鈥 from 鈥淲est Side Story,鈥 pausing just before she reaches the 鈥済ay鈥 lyric. And all season long, Ellen visits a series of shrinks who probe why she feels so insecure and unhappy, though she keeps coming up empty.

It takes meeting Susan, an out gay woman played by guest star Laura Dern, for Ellen to finally feel comfortable coming out. The two have instant chemistry after meeting early in the episode. After admitting to her latest therapist 鈥 this time, played by none other than Oprah 鈥 that she has feelings for Susan, Ellen rushes to the airport to see her love interest again, finally comfortable expressing something she鈥檚 never been able to say.

鈥淚 can鈥檛 even say the word,鈥 Ellen says in the episode鈥檚 pivotal scene, visibly frustrated with her inability to voice her feelings. 鈥淲hy can鈥檛 I say the word? 鈥 What is wrong, why do I have to be so ashamed? I鈥檓 35 years old. I鈥檓 so afraid to tell people.鈥

And then finally, inadvertently delivered into a microphone at an airport gate, she gets there: 鈥淪usan, I鈥檓 gay.鈥

Fans applauded 'The Puppy Episode'

watched the episode live, a significant surge in viewership from the rest of the season.

The episode generated the expected backlash 鈥 鈥渓etters, death threats,鈥 said Savel; and an ABC affiliate in Alabama refused to air the episode 鈥 but the hate was drowned out by heaps of letters from gracious fans who said the episode gave them the courage to come out, too.

Dava Savel (left) poses with Ellen DeGeneres and writers Tracy Newman and Jonathan Stark at the 1997 Emmy Awards. (Ron Galella Collection/Getty Images via CNN Newsource)

Savel saw the impact firsthand. After she won an Emmy for co-writing 鈥淭he Puppy Episode鈥 in 1997, she headed backstage with her fellow writers and DeGeneres to meet the press. But on their way there, they were met with lines of caterers and servers working the event, pausing their work to applaud and congratulate the group from 鈥淓llen.鈥 It still makes Savel weepy, she said.

鈥淲e were soaring,鈥 Savel said. 鈥淭hose moments of truth 鈥 that鈥檚 what it was all about.鈥

Rachel Loewen Walker, an assistant professor in women鈥檚 and gender studies at the University of Saskatchewan in Canada, still shows 鈥淭he Puppy Episode鈥 to her students, many of whom didn鈥檛 know DeGeneres once starred in a sitcom.

鈥(The episode) was such a pivotal moment in queer representation on screen especially because of its context: The much-loved Ellen Degeneres was actually gay,鈥 Loewen Walker told CNN. 鈥滺er coming out made it so much more than an onscreen story. It made it real in a way that sitcoms often aren鈥檛 allowed to participate in the everyday.鈥

鈥楨llen鈥 ended after the character came out

Savel and other writers were fired after the fourth season, she said, as 鈥淓llen鈥 entered a new phase. The fifth season starred a newly confident Ellen as she went on dates, found a serious girlfriend and enjoyed her life as an out gay woman (throughout the season, ABC slapped parental advisories onto episodes that featured gay content, against DeGeneres鈥 wishes). The 鈥渘ew鈥 Ellen was a huge shift from the self-effacing protagonist who actively avoided romance earlier in the series.

Ratings for the new season tanked, and 鈥淓llen鈥 was cancelled in 1998 (ABC never said as much, but Loewen Walker and others who鈥檝e studied the series鈥 impact have surmised that the show was 鈥渢oo gay鈥 for the network at the time).

DeGeneres returned to TV in 2001, playing another gay character in a short-lived CBS sitcom called 鈥淭he Ellen Show.鈥 She wouldn鈥檛 play a fictional version of herself again, instead launching a successful daytime talk show in 2003.

鈥淟ooking back on 鈥楨llen,鈥 I feel as though (DeGeneres) shouldered such a huge burden back then, for so many future queer characters,鈥 Loewen Walker said. 鈥淚t feels like that absence meant that many others were able to have presence.鈥

'Ellen' changed TV, but representation has a ways to go

鈥淭he Puppy Episode鈥 did something that鈥檚 still unusual in TV 鈥 it took a beloved character, developed with care over several seasons, and upended her fictional life. Ellen Morgan grew from the bumbling, charming 鈥済irl next door,鈥 as the character was frequently described by network execs, to a self-assured, charismatic gay woman who makes no apologies.

Even a year later, 鈥淓llen鈥檚鈥 influence was apparent. When 鈥淲ill & Grace鈥 premiered a year after 鈥淭he Puppy Episode,鈥 protagonist Will and his flamboyant friend Jack didn鈥檛 have to come out like Ellen did 鈥 the characters were introduced as gay in the pilot. Over a decade later, the couple Mitchell and Cameron and their adopted daughter, Lily, charmed audiences as key members of 鈥淢odern Family鈥檚鈥 Emmy-nominated ensemble. Now, there are series built entirely around young queer characters, like the teen series 鈥淗eartstopper,鈥 a Netflix mega-hit.

Gay couple Cameron (Eric Stonestreet, left) and Mitchell (Jesse Ferguson) were key members of the ensemble comedy 'Modern Family.'

Lesbian representation on TV, though, has made somewhat smaller strides since 鈥淓llen,鈥 Loewen Walker said. Characters like Arizona Robbins on 鈥淕rey鈥檚 Anatomy鈥 and many of the women of 鈥淥range Is the New Black鈥 were out lesbians from the moment they were introduced, and series like 鈥淭he L Word鈥 starred a cast of almost exclusively lesbian characters. But those characters were often subjected to violence and tragedy or, in the case of the original run of 鈥淭he L Word,鈥 were criticized for falling into stereotypes or offensive misconceptions of lesbians.

鈥淚t鈥檚 still rare to see lesbians in that primetime, cable television sitcom spot,鈥 Loewen Walker said. 鈥溾楳odern Family鈥 really brought two gay men into our homes, but I can鈥檛 think of a lesbian or queer woman that has attained the same family-friendly welcome.鈥

DeGeneres did receive that welcome, though, as a talk show host beloved by millions of viewers for celebrity pranks and generous gifts to everyday people. Much of that goodwill was lost when reports accused her of running a toxic workplace (DeGeneres addressed the hit to her reputation, with mixed results, in a recent Netflix stand-up special she said would be her last).

Savel hasn鈥檛 worked with her since 1997, though she remembers DeGeneres being a 鈥渢ough,鈥 exacting boss with the 鈥済oods to show for it.鈥 But 鈥淭he Puppy Episode鈥 will always be a part of DeGeneres鈥 legacy.

鈥淪he is still forever frozen in this episode as a champion of people 鈥 oppressed gay people in the closet,鈥 Savel said. 鈥淵ou can say you got an Emmy and a Peabody. It鈥檚 more than that. You have an entire country that remembers when this happened.鈥

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